List of National System Marine Protected Areas - National Park Service Federal SitesSite Name: Gateway National Recreation Area
Management Agency: National Park Service
Management Plan Type: Site-Specific Management Plan
MPA Category: Natural and Cultural Heritage Conservation Area
Primary Conservation Focus: Natural Heritage
Natural Heritage: MPAs or zones established and managed wholly or in part to sustain, conserve, restore, and understand the protected area’s natural biodiversity, populations, communities, habitats, and ecosystems; the ecological and physical processes upon which they depend; and, the ecological services, human uses and values they provide to this and future generations.
Examples: Natural Heritage MPAs include most national marine sanctuaries, national parks, national wildlife refuges, and many state MPAs.
Level of Protection: Zoned Multiple Use
Zoned Multiple-Use: MPAs that allow some extractive activities throughout the entire site, but that use marine zoning to allocate specific uses to compatible places or times in order to reduce user conflicts and adverse impacts.
Examples: Zoned multiple-use MPAs are increasingly common in U.S. waters, including some marine sanctuaries, national parks, national wildlife refuges, and state MPAs.
Permanence: Permanent
Permanent: MPAs or zones whose legal authorities provide some level of protection to the site in perpetuity for future generations, unless reversed by unanticipated future legislation or regulatory actions.
Examples: Permanent MPAs include most national marine sanctuaries and all national parks.
Protection Focus: Year-round
Year-Round: MPAs or zones that provide constant protection to the site throughout the year.
Examples: Year-round MPAs include all marine sanctuaries, national parks, refuges, monuments, and some fisheries sites.
Protection Focus: Ecosystem
Ecosystem: MPAs or zones whose legal authorities and management measures are intended to protect all of the components and processes of the ecosystem within its boundaries.
Examples: Ecosystem-scale MPAs include most marine sanctuaries, national parks and national monuments.
Fishing Restriction: Commercial and Recreational Fishing Restricted
Commercial Fishing Restricted: MPAs or zones place some type of restriction on commercial fishing, which might vary throughout the MPA according to different zones or areas. Recreational fishing may be unrestricted.
Example: Rotating MPAs, which are still rare in the U.S. They include some dynamic fisheries closures created for the purpose of serially recovering a suite of localized population to harvestable levels.
Recreational Fishing Restricted: MPAs or zones place some type of restriction on recreational fishing, which might vary throughout the MPA according to different zones or areas. Commercial fishing may be unrestricted.
Example: Seasonal MPAs, including some fisheries and endangered species closures around sensitive habitats.
http://mpa.gov/pdf/national-system/nominated_sites_jan_2010.pdf Page 11.
http://mpa.gov/pdf/helpful-resources/factsheets/final_class_system_1206.pdfhttp://mpa.gov/pdf/helpful-resources/termdefinitions.pdf