They do have a home device that "snips" the needle off of the syringe. The plastic could be melted down. For private homes, they tell you to put your needles in a metal coffee can and tape it up shut and then mark it needles.
I think this waste that is washing up is illegally(or maybe legal in some states) dumped medical waste. It costs a lot of money to pay to have medical waste disposed. It is probably 2 or 3 times(or more) expensive than regular garbage to have carted and dumped.
What is more sad is that it is easy to illegally dump or that somewhere it is legal to dump garbage in the ocean. I thought we were over that issue many, many years ago. Are we going to have to watch for garbage slicks and "packs" of garbage like they have to watch for "packs" of ice in the Bering Sea??